Roger J. Kreuz The University of Memphis Office Department of Psychology 368 Psychology Building 202 Psychology Building (901) 678-2741 Memphis, TN 38152-3230 Lab rkreuz@memphis.edu 404 Psychology Building Dept. fax (901) 678-2579 (901) 678-2883

Professional Experience

Director, Master of Science in General Psychology Program, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 2004-present

Professor, Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 2000-present

Visiting Scholar, Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, Spring 1998

Visitor, Max-Planck-Institut für Psycholinguistik, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Spring 1998

Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 1993-2000

Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Memphis State University, Memphis, TN, 1988-1993

Research Associate, Department of Psychology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 1987-1988

Assistant in Instruction/Research, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 1983-1987

Education

Courses Offered

*These syllabi are in Adobe Reader (Acrobat/PDF) format. You can get the Reader plug-in here:

Office Hours

Fall 2009: Mon, Tues, Thur 4:00-5:00 and by appointment

Other Courses Offered

PSYC 3106: Social Psychology (last offered Fall 2008)

PSYC 7/8503: Pragmatics and Figurative Language (last offered Spring 2006)

PSYC 4101: History of Psychology (last offered Spring 2004)

PSYC 4011: Psychology of Language (last offered Spring 2003)

PSYC 7/8022: The Computer as a Tool in an Academic Career (last offered Summer 1999)

Research Interests

I am a cognitive psychologist with research interests in psycholinguistics and sociolinguistics. My specific areas of research are the following:

Discourse processing and pragmatics

Experimental studies of communication strategies (e.g., how people go about fulfilling their communicative goals).

Figurative language

How (and why) do people communicate using nonliteral means, such as with irony or hyperbole?

Discourse coherence

Which aspects of texts and conversations lead to a perception of coherence or noncoherence?

Empirical study of literature

Application of methodologies from cognitive psychology to the study of literary production and comprehension.

Professional Service

Editorial Board member, Metaphor and Symbol, 2001 to present

Secretary/Treasurer, The Society for Text and Discourse, 1997 to 2000

Webmaster, Psychology of Language Page of Links, a resource listing for researchers in psycholinguistics, 1996 to 2006

Editorial Board member, Discourse Processes, 1994 to 2002

Publications

Edited Books

Fussell, S. R., & Kreuz, R. J. (Eds.). (1998). Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication (ix + 298 pp.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

(Shameless plug: can be purchased in hardcover or paperback from Amazon.com)

Kreuz, R. J., & MacNealy, M. S. (Eds.). (1996). Empirical approaches to literature and aesthetics. In R. O. Freedle (series editor), Advances in discourse processes, volume LII (xx + 729 pp.). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp.

Edited Journal Issues

Kreuz, R. J., & Dews, S. (Eds.). (1995). Nonliteral language: Processing and use [special issue]. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity,10 (1).

Journal Articles, Book Chapters, and Reviews

Kreuz, R. J., & Riordan, M. A. (in press). The transcription of face-to-face interaction. To appear in W. Bublitz & N. Norrick (Eds.), Foundations of pragmatics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Kreuz, R. J., & Caucci, G. M. (2009). Social aspects of verbal irony use. In H. Pishwa (Ed.), Language and social cognition: Expression of the social mind (pp. 315-335). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Dress, M. L., Kreuz, R. J., Link, K. E., & Caucci, G. M. (2008). Regional variation in the use of sarcasm. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 27, 71-85. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., & Caucci, G. M. (2007). The concept of salience in cognitive psychology. In C. Gascoigne (Ed.), Assessing the impact of input enhancement in second language acquisition (pp. 19-36). Stillwater, OK: New Forums Press.

Kreuz, R. J., & Ashley, A. (2006). Nonliteral language, persuasion, and memory. In H. Pishwa (Ed.), Language and memory: Aspects of knowledge representation (pp. 425-443). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.

Fridland, V., Bartlett, K., & Kreuz, R. (2005). Making sense of variation: Pleasantness and education ratings of regional vowel variants. American Speech, 80, 366-387. [abstract]

Link, K. E., & Kreuz, R. J. (2005a). The comprehension of ostensible speech acts. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 24, 1-25. [abstract]

Link, K. E., & Kreuz, R. J. (2005b). Do men and women differ in their use of nonliteral language when they talk about emotions? In H. L. Colston & A. N. Katz (Eds.), Figurative language comprehension: Social and cultural influences (pp. 153-180). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Kreuz, R. J. (2004, November 9). Empirical potpourri [Review of The psychology of learning and motivation: Advances in research and theory, vol. 44]. PsycCRITIQUES--Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 49, Supplement 7.

Fridland, V., Bartlett, K., & Kreuz, R. (2004). Do you hear what I hear? Experimental measurement of the perceptual salience of acoustically manipulated vowel variants by Southern speakers in Memphis, TN. Language Variation and Change, 16, 1-16. [abstract]

Stewart, C. O., & Kreuz, R. J. (2003). On the communicative function of exaggeration: How to be a million times clearer. Communication Research Reports, 20, 331-340. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., & Link, K. E. (2002). Asymmetries in the perception of verbal irony. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 21, 127-143. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J. (2001). Literary texts: Comprehension and memory. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (Eds.), International encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences, vol. 13 (pp. 8981-8984). New York: Pergamon.

Link, K. E., Kreuz, R. J., Graesser, A. C., & the Tutoring Research Group (2001). Factors that influence the perception of feedback delivered by a pedagogical agent. International Journal of Speech Technology, 4, 145-153. [abstract]

Person, N. K., Graesser, A. C., Kreuz, R. J., Pomeroy, V., & the Tutoring Research Group (2001). Simulating human tutor dialog moves in AutoTutor. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 12, 23-39. [abstract]

Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Kreuz, R., Wiemer-Hastings, P., & Marquis, K. (2000). QUAID: A questionnaire evaluation aid for survey methodologists. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 32, 254-262. [abstract]

Dressler, R. A., & Kreuz, R. J. (2000). Transcribing oral discourse: A survey and a model system. Discourse Processes, 29, 25-36. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J. (2000). The production and processing of verbal irony. Metaphor and Symbol, 15, 99-107. [abstract]

Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Wiemer-Hastings, P., Kreuz, R., & the Tutoring Research Group. (1999). AutoTutor: A simulation of a human tutor. Journal of Cognitive Systems Research, 1, 35-51. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J. (1999). Proverbs and psychology: Strange bedfellows? The American Journal of Psychology, 112, 318-321.

Kreuz, R. J., Kassler, M. A., Coppenrath, L., & McLain Allen, B. (1999). Tag questions and common ground effects in the perception of verbal irony. Journal of Pragmatics, 31, 1685-1700. [abstract]

Roberts, R. M., & Kreuz, R. J. (1999). La produzione del linguaggio figurato: tutti i tropi sono creati uguali? [The production of figurative language: Are all tropes created equal?]. In A. Nemesio (Ed.), L'esperienza del testo (pp. 101-110). Rome: Meltemi.

Fussell, S. R., & Kreuz, R. J. (1998). Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication: Introduction and overview. In S. R. Fussell & R. J. Kreuz (Eds.), Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication (pp. 3-17). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Graesser, A. C., Kassler, M. A., Kreuz, R. J., & McLain Allen, B. (1998). Verification of statements about story worlds that deviate from normal conceptions of time: What is true about "Einstein's Dreams"? Cognitive Psychology, 35, 246-301. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J. (1998). Review of "Understanding Metaphor in Literature." Journal of Pragmatics, 29, 805-807.

Kreuz, R. J., Kassler, M. A., & Coppenrath, L. (1998). The use of hyperbole in discourse: Cognitive and social facets. In S. R. Fussell & R. J. Kreuz (Eds.), Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication (pp. 91-111). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Kreuz, R. J. (1997). Review of "Irony in Context." Journal of Pragmatics, 27, 247-250.

Sell, M. A., Kreuz, R. J., & Coppenrath, L. (1997). Parents' use of nonliteral language with preschool children. Discourse Processes, 23, 99-118. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J. (1996). The use of verbal irony: Cues and constraints. In J. S. Mio & A. N. Katz (Eds.), Metaphor: Implications and applications (pp. 23-38). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Kreuz, R. J., Roberts, R. M., Johnson, B. K., & Bertus, E. L. (1996). Figurative language occurrence and co-occurrence in contemporary literature. In R. J. Kreuz & M. S. MacNealy (Eds.), Empirical approaches to literature and aesthetics (pp. 83-97). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp.

Kreuz, R. J., & Roberts, R. M. (1995). Two cues for verbal irony: Hyperbole and the ironic tone of voice. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 10, 21-31. [abstract]

Person, N. K., Kreuz, R. J., Zwaan, R. A., & Graesser, A. C. (1995). Pragmatics and pedagogy: Conversational rules and politeness strategies may inhibit effective tutoring. Cognition and Instruction, 13, 161-188. [abstract]

Person, N. K., Graesser, A. C., Magliano, J. P., & Kreuz, R. J. (1994). Inferring what the student knows in one-to-one tutoring: The role of student questions and answers. Learning and Individual Differences, 6, 205-229. [abstract]

Roberts, R. M., & Kreuz, R. J. (1994). Why do people use figurative language? Psychological Science, 5, 159-163. [abstract]

Roberts, R. M., Kreuz, R. J., Gilbert, D. K., & Bainbridge, E. A. (1994). Discourse expectation and perceived coherence. In H. van Oostendorp & R. A. Zwaan (Eds.), Naturalistic text comprehension (pp. 189-202). Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp.

Graesser, A. C., & Kreuz, R. J. (1993). A theory of inference generation during text comprehension. Discourse Processes, 16, 145-160. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., & Graesser, A. C. (1993). The assumptions behind questions in letters to advice columnists. Text, 13, 65-89. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., & Roberts, R. M. (1993a). When collaboration fails: Consequences of pragmatic errors in conversation. Journal of Pragmatics, 19, 239-252. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., & Roberts, R. M. (1993b). On satire and parody: The importance of being ironic. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 8, 97-109. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., & Roberts, R. M. (1993c). The empirical study of figurative language in literature. Poetics, 22, 151-169. [abstract]

Roberts, R. M., & Kreuz, R. J. (1993). Nonstandard discourse and its coherence. Discourse Processes, 16, 451-464. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., & Graesser, A. C. (1991). Aspects of idiom interpretation: Comment on Nayak and Gibbs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120, 90-92. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., Long, D. L., & Church, M. B. (1991). On being ironic: Pragmatic and mnemonic implications. Metaphor and Symbolic Activity, 6, 149-162. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J., & Glucksberg, S. (1989). How to be sarcastic: The echoic reminder theory of verbal irony. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 374-386. [abstract]

Kreuz, R. J. (1987). The subjective familiarity of English homophones. Memory & Cognition, 15, 154-168. [abstract]

Glucksberg, S., Kreuz, R. J., & Rho, S. H. (1986). Context can constrain lexical access: Implications for models of language comprehension. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12, 323-335. [abstract]

Presentations

2000-present

Riordan, M. A., & Kreuz, R. J. (2009, July). Using LIWC to distinguish irony from literal language. Paper to be presented at the 19th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Caucci, G. M., & Kreuz, R. J. (2009, July). Creating illusory irony. Paper to be presented at the 19th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Caucci, G. M., Kreuz, R. J., & Buder, E. H. (2008, November). "I'm always sincere": What is salient in sarcasm? Paper presented at the 49th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Chicago.
[Poster in PDF format]

Kreuz, R. J., & Caucci, G. M. (2008, July). Do lexical factors affect the perception of sarcasm? Paper presented at the 18th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Memphis, TN.

Caucci, G. M., Kreuz, R. J., & Buder, E. H. (2007, November). Acoustic analyses of the sarcastic tone of voice. Paper presented at the 48th annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Long Beach, CA.
[Poster in PDF format]

Kreuz, R. J., & Caucci, G. M. (2007, April). Lexical influences on the perception of sarcasm. Paper presented at the Workshop on Computational Approaches to Figurative Language, annual meeting of the Human Language Technology Conference: North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (HLT-NAACL), Rochester, NY.

Kreuz, R. J., Dress, M. L., & Link, K. E. (2006, July). Regional differences in the spontaneous use of sarcasm. Paper presented at the 16th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Minneapolis, MN.

Ashley, A., & Kreuz, R. J. (2005, May). It's all the same to me: Figurative language effects on attitudinal responding. Paper presented at the 17th annual meeting of the American Psychological Society, Los Angeles, CA.

Kreuz, R. J., Ashley, A., & Bartlett, K. (2002, November). Twisting arms: Figurative language effects in persuasive discourse. Paper presented at the 43rd annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Kansas City, MO.
[Presentation in PDF format]

Kreuz, R. J., Whitten, S., Link, K., Marineau, J., & Ashley, A. (2002, June). Does it matter how you say it? A comparison of figurative forms. Paper presented at the 11th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Chicago.

Link, K. E., Kreuz, R. J., & Soto, J. (2001, November). "Let's do lunch sometime": An analysis of ostensible speech acts. Paper presented at the 42nd annual meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Orlando, FL.
[Presentation in PDF format]

Kreuz, R. J. (2001, June). Using figurative language to increase advertising effectiveness. Paper presented at the Office of Naval Research Military Personnel Research Science Workshop, Memphis, TN.
[Presentation in PDF format]

Graesser, A. C., Link, K. E., Bautista, L., Kreuz, R. J., & the Tutoring Research Group (2001, April). An evaluation of AutoTutor on learning gains. Paper presented at the 82nd annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA.

Person, N. K., Kreuz, R. J., Graesser, A. C., Rajan, S., Klettke, B., Pomeroy, V., Link, K., & the Tutoring Research Group (2001, April). An analysis of student learning gains after interacting with AutoTutor. Paper presented at the 82nd annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Seattle, WA.

Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, K., Wiemer-Hastings, P., & Kreuz, R. J. (2000, August). The gold standard of question quality on surveys: Experts, computer tools, versus statistical indices. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Statistical Association, Indianapolis, IN.

Link, K., Pomeroy, V., DiPaolo, R., Rajan, S., Klettke, B., Bautista, L., Kreuz, R., Graesser, A., & the Tutoring Research Group (2000, July). The effectiveness of tutorial dialog in an automated conversational tutor. Paper presented at the 10th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Lyon, France.
[Presentation in PDF format]

Stewart, C. O., & Kreuz, R. J. (2000, July). Are you trying to be funny? The importance of exaggeration on discourse goal clarity. Paper presented at the 10th annual meeting of the Society for Text and Discourse, Lyon, France.
[Presentation in PDF format]

Person, N. K., Bautista, L., Kreuz, R. J., Graesser, A. C., & the Tutoring Research Group (2000, June). The dialog advancer network: A conversation manager for AutoTutor. Paper presented at the Fifth International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Montreal.

Wiemer-Hastings, K., Wiemer-Hastings, P., Rajan, S., Graesser, A. C., Kreuz, R. J., & Karnavat, A. (2000, May). DP: A detector for presuppositions in survey questions. Paper presented at the Applied Natural Language Processing Conference, Seattle.

Graesser, A. C., Wiemer-Hastings, P., Wiemer-Hastings, K., & Kreuz, R. J. (2000, January). A computer tool that critiques survey questions. Paper presented at the 11th annual meeting of the Winter Conference on Discourse, Text, & Cognition, Jackson Hole, WY.

1986-1999

Grants

Co-Principal Investigator, Conditions Guiding Coordinative and Adaptive Dynamics in Human Interaction (R. Dale, Principal Investigator). Human and Social Dynamics, National Science Foundation (BCS 0826825), September 2008 to August 2011, $673,079.

Principal Investigator, Survey of Southern Speech (Research Experience for Undergraduates). National Science Foundation (sponsor: V. Fridland, University of Nevada Reno), July 2002 to February 2006, $6,200.

Principal Investigator, Using Figurative Language to Increase Advertising Effectiveness. Office of Naval Research (N00014-00-1-0667), April 2000 to April 2002, $104,875.

Co-Principal Investigator, Simulating Tutors with Natural Dialog and Pedagogical Strategies (A. C. Graesser, Principal Investigator). Learning and Intelligent Systems Initiative, National Science Foundation (SBR 9720314), September 1997 to August 2000, $900,000.

Principal Investigator, Factors that Influence the Perception of Discourse Coherence. Memphis State University Faculty Research Grant, November 1990 to May 1991, $2,700.

Students

Monica A. Riordan, M.S. 2008

Current doctoral student

Gina M. Caucci, M.S. 2008

Current doctoral student

Megan L. Dress, M.S. 2006

Employee of Luminetx Corp. (Memphis, TN)
Branch supervisor, Mid South Tissue Bank (Memphis, TN)
Now a Tissue Recovery Specialist, Rochester Eye and Tissue Bank (Rochester, NY)

Aaron L. Ashley, Ph.D. 2004

Post-doctoral fellow, University of Notre Dame (South Bend, IN)
Now an assistant professor at Weber State University (Ogden, UT)

Kristen E. Link, M.S. 1999, Ph.D. 2001

Associate professor at SUNY Oswego (Oswego, NY)
Now a student in the Library Science program at Syracuse University (Syracuse, NY)

Craig O. Stewart, M.S. 2000

Knowledge Engineer, The Institute for Computational Discourse Technologies, Thoughtware Technologies, Inc. (Memphis, TN)
Doctoral student in rhetoric at Carnegie-Mellon University (Pittsburgh, PA)
Assistant professor of English at Old Dominion University (Norfolk, VA)
Now an assistant professor of Communication at the University of Memphis (Memphis, TN)

Max A. Kassler, M.S. 1993, Ph.D. 1996

Intern, IBM Watson Research Center (Hawthorne, NY)
Usability Engineer, Bellcore (Piscataway, NJ)
User Interface Designer, Persimmon IT, Inc. (Durham, NC)
Autodesk (Ithaca, NY)
Now a Senior Usability Developer at BMC Software and lecturer at University of Texas (Austin, TX)

Richard M. Roberts, Ph.D. 1992

Post-doctoral fellow, National Center for Health Statistics (Washington, DC)
Student, Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary (Austin, TX)
Full professor, University of Maryland University College (Europe and Asia)
Now a Foreign Service Officer, US State Department

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